Handling CheckBoxes in selenium

Events for a checkbox can be check or uncheck, there can be one or more checkboxes (group wise) on a webpage.

Checkboxes can be identifies in html DOM with tag as 'input' and type as 'checkbox' as shown in below screenshot.

let's see some of the implementations on checkboxes in selenium

capture all the checkboxes in a webpage:

List<webelement> checkboxes = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector("input[type='checkbox']"));

But let's say, we want to capture a particular group of checkboxes (based on name attribute), in the above screenshot, as u can see, we have a group of checkboxes with all as atribute name 'language'

List<webelement> checkboxes = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector("input[type='checkbox'][name='language']"));

Let's see the code for the checkbox operations:

package controls;

import java.util.List;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class CheckBoxes {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
  driver.get("http://www.qavalidation.com/p/demo.html");
  List checkboxes = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector("input[type='checkbox'][name='language']"));
  
  //get the 2nd and 3rd checkboxes and check
  checkboxes.get(1).click();
  checkboxes.get(2).click();
  
  for(int i=0;i<checkboxes.size();i++){
   WebElement e=checkboxes.get(i);
   if(e.getAttribute("value").contains("Java") && e.getAttribute("checked")==null)
   {
    e.click(); //check, if the checkbox is 'Java' and not checked
   }
  }
  for (WebElement e1 : checkboxes) {
   System.out.print("CheckBox:"+ e1.getAttribute("value")+"---");
   System.out.println("checked:"+ e1.getAttribute("checked"));//checked or not 
  }
 }
}

OutPut:

CheckBoxTestingBasics---checked: null
CheckBoxSelenium---checked: true
CheckBoxHTML---checked: true
CheckBoxJava---checked: true
CheckBoxC#---checked: null

e.getAttribute("value") returns the value of a particular checkbox.
e.getAttribute("checked") returns null if a particular checkbox is not checked else return true.